HOW LONG DOES RED SANDALWOOD TAKE TO GROW

Red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus), also known as Red Sanders, is a slow-growing tree species.¹ Unlike white sandalwood (Santalum album), which is a hemi-parasite requiring a host plant, red sandalwood grows independently.

Annual Growth Rates

The growth of red sandalwood varies significantly between its early years and maturity. Under ideal cultivated conditions, you can expect the following:

• Height: In the first 3 years, the tree is relatively fast-growing, often reaching up to 5 meters (16 feet).² After this initial burst, the height increment slows down to roughly 0.4 to 0.5 meters per year.³

• Girth (Diameter): This is the most critical metric for wood value. On average, the girth increases by about 5 cm per year under good management.⁴

• Heartwood Formation: The valuable red heartwood only begins to form after 15–20 years.⁵

Growth Timeline & Yield

Age (Years)	Height (Approx.)	Girth (Approx.)	Heartwood Yield
1–3	1–5 meters	Minimal	0 kg
10	7–9 meters	35–45 cm	Negligible
20–25	10+ meters	70–90 cm	~25–50 kg
40–50	Mature	100+ cm	200+ kg

[!IMPORTANT]

While some commercial guides claim "harvest readiness" in 12–15 years, forest departments and botanical studies suggest that high-quality, dense heartwood typically requires 30 to 50 years for commercial-grade harvesting.

Articles & Resources

For further reading on growth patterns and cultivation techniques, you can explore these resources:

1. Vikaspedia - Red Sanders Agro-techniques: A comprehensive guide on soil, climate, and yield expectations for red sandalwood.

2. Arid Forest Research Institute (AFRI) - Red Sanders Report: Detailed PDF from the Indian government covering the natural history and growth rates of the species.

3. Tropical Plants Database - Pterocarpus santalinus: Technical data on the environment and growth habits of the tree.

4. ResearchGate - Sandalwood Farming in India: A scholarly look at the problems and prospects of farming sandalwood, including growth data.⁶

   

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